tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-23533123867179318482023-11-15T06:45:09.385-08:00Cautín ElectricoGreicy Martínez, Ivonne Montealegre, Adjam Haidar, Gilbert Monteshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11286461443713468828noreply@blogger.comBlogger1125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2353312386717931848.post-44083194179872993552009-01-25T08:47:00.000-08:002009-01-25T09:08:12.443-08:00 RELACIONES QUE POSEE EL CIRCUITO ELÉCTRICO DEL CAUTÍN CON LOS SISTEMAS. <a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://tbn1.google.com/images?q=tbn:10Xd86_NsvAWiM:http://dismarcor.com/cat/images/1390100.jpg"><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 130px; height: 113px;" src="http://tbn1.google.com/images?q=tbn:10Xd86_NsvAWiM:http://dismarcor.com/cat/images/1390100.jpg" border="0" alt="" /></a>
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"Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">El cautín es una herramienta eléctrica muy sencilla que posee un conjunto de elementos que al estar correctamente conectados van a generar en una barra de metal el calor suficiente para poder derretir los distintos metales (estaño, oro, etc.) utilizados para las soldaduras de los circuitos eléctricos y electrónicos. El mismo está compuesto por cinco elementos básicos y fundamentales para su funcionamiento correcto.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol; color: black;" lang="ES-VE"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;" lang="ES-VE">Barra de metal<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol; color: black;" lang="ES-VE"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;" lang="ES-VE"><span style=""> </span>Alambre cobre<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol; color: black;" lang="ES-VE"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;" lang="ES-VE">Cable de conexión<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol; color: black;" lang="ES-VE"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;" lang="ES-VE">Enchufe<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Symbol; color: black;" lang="ES-VE"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;" lang="ES-VE">Estructura de plástico o madera<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 18pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">Para la explicación del sistema eléctrico del cautín se hace necesaria la definición de sistema. Por lo cual se tiene que un sistema es un conjunto de elementos que se encuentran dinámicamente relacionados formando una actividad para producir información, energía, materia, etc.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 18pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">Partiendo de lo anteriormente planteado, el sistema eléctrico del cautín, va a comenzar por el paso de la energía eléctrica mediante el enchufe adquirida de un toma corriente, y luego a través del cable de conexión hasta llegar al alambre de cobre que al estar enrollado sobre la barra de metal va a generar calor.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 35.4pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">El cautín es una herramienta para soldar circuitos eléctricos o electrónicos con algunos metales, además es usado como pirógrafo que en un método de arte. Esta herramienta esta compuesta por un<span style=""> </span>conjunto de piezas o elementos que a su vez forman un circuito eléctrico generador de calor, que servirá para el derretimiento de los metales blandos de soldadura y para las distintas modalidades de arte.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="text-indent: 35.4pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">La <span style="">soldadura</span> es un </span><a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proceso_de_fabricaci%C3%B3n" title="Proceso de fabricación"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">proceso de fabricación</span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;"> donde se realiza la unión de dos materiales, (generalmente metales o termoplásticos), usualmente logrado a través de la </span><a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalescencia" title="Coalescencia"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">coalescencia</span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;"> (</span><a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusi%C3%B3n" title="Fusión"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">fusión</span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">), en la cual las piezas son soldadas </span><a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusi%C3%B3n_%28cambio_de_estado%29" title="Fusión (cambio de estado)"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">derritiendo</span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;"> ambas y agregando un material de relleno derretido (metal o plástico), el cual tiene un punto de </span><a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusi%C3%B3n" title="Fusión"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">fusión</span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;"> menor al de la pieza a soldar, para conseguir un baño de material fundido (el <span style="">baño de soldadura</span>) que, al enfriarse, se convierte en una unión fuerte. <o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="text-indent: 18pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">Existe una gran variedad de soldadores entre ellos están:<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="mw-headline"><span style="font-family: Symbol; color: black;"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span class="mw-headline"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">Soldadura a gas<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="mw-headline"><span style="font-family: Symbol; color: black;"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span class="mw-headline"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">Soldadura por resistencia<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="mw-headline"><span style="font-family: Symbol; color: black;"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span class="mw-headline"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">Soldadura por arco<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; color: black;"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soldadura_por_puntos" title="Soldadura por puntos"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">Soldadura por puntos</span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; color: black;"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">Soldador manual , de lápiz o cautín</span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><meta equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document"><meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 12"><meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft 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-moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black; font-weight: bold;">Cautín:</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;"> También denominado soldador manual<span style=""> </span>o soldador de lápiz. Es utilizado para soldar con estaño, es una herramienta de trabajo básica para cualquier experimentador o practicante de electrónica. Los cautines eléctricos generan calor,</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;"> al pasar la corriente por la resistencia hace que la punta se caliente y </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;" lang="ES-TRAD">alcance la temperatura indicada</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">, generalmente un alambre de níquel-cromo de alta resistencia devanado en forma de bobina alrededor de un núcleo de cobre. El calor desarrollado en este último se trasmite por conducción a la punta de la herramienta, hecha de acero inoxidable, y de esta a los puntos de unión y a la soldadura blanda la cual se realiza a temperatura de unos 300° C. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;"></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; text-indent: 35.4pt; line-height: 150%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">Los cautines eléctricos se fabrican en una gran variedad de marcas, modelos y estilos, diferenciados entre sí por la potencia de operación del elemento calefactor, la cual es proporcional a la cantidad de calor generado. De hecho, la potencia nominal es generalmente la consideración más importante que se debe tener en cuenta cuando se selecciona un cautín para una tarea específica. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;"></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; text-indent: 35.4pt; line-height: 150%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">Normalmente, los cautines para uso electrónico se consiguen con potencias reducidas como<span style=""> </span>25,40 o 60 W y se alimentan de la red pública de 120 o 220 VCA. </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">Ya que generalmente se trata de trabajos delicados, como <span style=""> </span>para realizar nuevos montajes o para hacer reparaciones, o<span style=""> </span>con la unión de dos o más conductores con elementos del equipo. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;"></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; text-indent: 35.4pt; line-height: 150%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">El soldador deberá presentar, entre otras características: una gran seguridad de funcionamiento y durabilidad así como manejarlo con seguridad para evitar la posibilidad de sufrir quemaduras o dañar la vestimenta y en el trabajo realizado. <sup><span style="display: none;">[]</span></sup><o:p></o:p></span></p><p></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;"></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; text-indent: 35.4pt; line-height: 150%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;">Pueden levantarse las pistas de los circuitos impresos y causar daños permanentes en componentes delicados. Debido a que los requisitos de calor para soldar componentes eléctricos y electrónicos son muy variados, lo ideal en un banco de trabajo sería disponer de un cautín que se pudiera acomodar a todas las necesidades. Con este propósito, actualmente se dispone de cautines especiales, provistos de una base o estación de trabajo para el control de su temperatura. Este accesorio permite seleccionar la cantidad de calor más adecuada para soldar cada tipo de componente. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p></p><p style="margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;">
<br /><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> Greicy Martínez, Ivonne Montealegre, Adjam Haidar, Gilbert Monteshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11286461443713468828noreply@blogger.com6